fix(auth): ensure verify phone number waits for timeout to complete

[russellwheatley]

fixes #2300

When using the same phone number to verify (i.e. call verifyPhoneNumber()), if you use it before the timeout set on the phone provider has elapsed, the verifyPhoneNumber() call will hang and result in the loading screen never resolving.

This PR:

• creates an exception that throws when the above occurs.
• Checks the timeout and the time that has elapsed, if the call is made before the timeout, it throws the cool down exception.

The below is a recording of using the same phone number to verify within the timeout set (60 seconds), each time I try to move to verification code screen, it throws modal pop up with time left before cool down period is over, once the 60 seconds have elapsed, we are able to go to the verification code screen with the same number without verifyPhoneNumber() hanging.

Screen_recording_20260114_143153.webm

[demolaf]

LGTM